confidence essays

certainty expositions After some time people groups emotions about themselves as well as other people change. They may feel solid and indestructible one moment than something could change the manner in which they feel. A specific occasion could change ones self-assurance. Individuals become diverse when they are presented to a certain circumstance. They can likewise take a 180 degree turnaround and become an absolutely new individual. In Stephen Cranes The Red Badge of Courage the fundamental character changes from a weakling in the starting to a more grounded brave character toward the finish of the novel. Henry Fleming is a youthful gullible kid. He isn't sure what's in store when he does battle. He has a discussion with different officers in his regiment. They imagine that a portion of the warriors will run during a fight. Henry has a peculiar inclination that he might be the one to run when the time comes. He chooses to raise the point during a discussion with another trooper by saying Think any about the young men will run?. Another warrior reacts Oh there might be a couple ofem, however theres them kind in each regiment, extraordinarily when they initially goes under fire(17). Henry is apprehensive now in the wake of hearing what the officer needed to state. Henry is befuddled about war. One pundit notes about Henrys emotions: Henry felt glad and brave when he ventured out from home to do battle, however presently he thinks about how he will do when stood up to with the truth of fight (Napierkowski 255). Henrys sentiments about war are bogus. He has never been presented to war however now he will what's more, isn't generally certain what's in store. At the point when Henry initially goes to fight he is diminished when the renegades retreat. Yet, when they turn back and begin terminating Henry loses his cool. He freezes. He shouted with dread and swung about...he resembled a famous chicken. He lost the course of safety(52). Henry has lost all feeling of course and is frightened. He has no clue about where to ru... <!

Personal Essay Essays - 9, Music Industry, Music, Free Essays

Individual Essay Essays - 9, Music Industry, Music, Free Essays Pro Individual Essay My name is Annie Chapman and I am sixteen years of age. I began my life in 1983, in Los Angeles, quite a rural area called Culver City. From the clinic I moved into a house on Lucerne Ave with my dad Alan Berftman, my mom Mary Lee Chapman, and my more seasoned sibling by four years, Ace. I spent barely shy of ten years in that equivalent house. While I lived in Culver City I went to a Spanish emersion primary school called El Rinclon. There I figured out how to communicate in Spanish as a subsequent language. A month prior to my tenth birthday celebration my folks chose to move to the modest community of Little Stone. They took responsibility for old inn called the Winnemucckah. So into the Winnemucckah we moved. I started third grade at the neighborhood school called Oten Valley after Christmas break. Subsequent to living in the huge city I was astonished at how Little Stone was contrasted with Los Angeles. Following three years of living in the inn my folks got a separation. My dad at that point moved back to Los Angeles with an old Army-amigo. When my dad left, my mom, sibling, and I moved into a house just a square from the lodging. I was going into I think seventh grade right now, and Ace was going to Youngton High School as a sophomore. The mid year before eighth grade I chose to turn into a Christian. This was the most significant choice Ill ever make and I made it made it since I accept. While in Junior High I took part in a great deal of sports, for example, ball, volleyball, and snowboarding. It was in these regions that I truly became more acquainted with the three young ladies who might some time or another become my absolute best companions Christine Grossman, Emily Whitman, and Robin Otanza; they every played game with me and were additionally in my classes. In eighth grade Robin began to go to Youngton as a first year recruit, yet our kinship remained. Expert graduated in 1996 from Youngton School. He went on to Loyola Marymount College for three weeks after which he dropped out and joined the Marine Corps. I was glad for Ace the entire time and keeping in mind that he was in the Marines our relationship developed structure battling kin to regarded companions. At the point when I was a green bean I genuinely developed to adore my sibling. All through my green bean and sophomore years I kept on snowboarding however quit playing group activities because of an infection in my knees. I truly found an affection in snowboarding which I despite everything have. At the point when I snowboard I feel free and with no limits. I began to snowboard more than the typical once every other week. I would discover approaches toward the end of the week as well, and at whatever point somebody would drive me. It has become an energy of mine. All through secondary school Ive figured out how to remain companions with Christine and Emily. I had each class with them and would get things done with them regularly after school was out. I love investing energy with them; its one of my preferred side interests. Theyve bolstered me in such things as the Lions Club Speech Contest and 4-H and whatever else I would attempt to do. They are presently increasingly like my sisters since I see them ordinary. This year Im heading off to an alternate school then two of my closest companions which so far is extremely strange. I miss seeing them in each class and at lunch. Today was just my first day of school and they were both sitting on my sofa before they even needed to get up so they could watch me leave for Lone Pine. I plan on keeping these two companionships an amazing remainder. Alongside dear companions, I have an affectionate family. I see my dad about two times every month in any event and the equivalent with my grandmother, particularly now with my grandpa gone. I love to invest energy with my aunties and their families. We generally have an awesome time. My sibling and I have kept up our dear companionship and even with him abroad we gab more than a portion of my companions who have their siblings in the house. Hes an incredible person. In my sixteen years Ive had the option to

How Facebook Is Still Mining Your Data

How Facebook Is Still Mining Your Data Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!How Facebook Is Still Mining Your DataUpdated On 11/03/2019Author : Ram kumarTopic : Social MediaShort URL : https://hbb.me/2Hq3Z6u CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogUnless you spent all of 2018 in a remote and distant location, you’ll be aware that it was a very bad year for Facebook. They had the Cambridge Analytica scandal to deal with, CEO Mark Zuckerberg found himself up before Congress providing testimony. And thats before we even get into the cut and thrust of the enormous controversy about how theyve handled the personal data of their users.The social media giant has been looking to start their 2019 on a positive footing, with Zuckerberg keen to make promises that the company are changing their ways, and will offer users much more control over what’s shared and what isn’t in future. The key part of that phrase is ‘in the future’ right now, they’re s till scavenging and harvesting your data in a big way, using a lot of methods you probably aren’t aware of.Theres a process in the advertising and marketing world known as ‘data mining, which involves forensically searching existing data to create new information, for example, targeted marketing lists. Facebook may be better at this than any other company in history. They behave like the mining-themed ‘Bonanza slot game which is so popular with players at Amigo Slots; using tools of different sizes to break down rocks and look for the cash value that hides behind them. Youd get a much better deal playing ‘Bonanza though; if you win anything through mining in the slot, the money comes directly to you. The only people benefiting from your data being mined at Facebook are the big blue brand themselves.Here are just some of the ways in which Facebook is still watching your every move and making money out of it.The Facebook Tracking PixelOf all the tools Facebook use, this is pr obably the most stealthy. On almost every website you visit, youll find a set of social media links inviting you to like the pages account on Facebook, follow them on Twitter and perhaps Instagram as well. Everyone from your favorite band to your local bar has a Facebook account, and you probably think its harmless to give all of them a ‘like. The band or bar isnt doing you any harm, but Facebook might be.Embedded in every single one of those ‘like’ buttons is Facebook’s tracking pixel. Thats a tiny bit of code which follows you from website to website. If youre currently logged into Facebook and then visit a page which has a Facebook ‘like button on it, Facebook knows youve been there. Ever wondered why youd seen an advert on Facebook for a new duvet set after youve just been checking one out on an online store? Now you know.Shadow Profile DataThe tracking pixel may be the most stealthy way that Facebook follow you around, but shadow profile data is the creepiest. If some one who didnt know you were following you and tracking you in the way shadow profile data does, were fairly sure it would be classed as stalking.Shadow profile data is information that Facebook holds regarding people who do not have an account with them and never have. This is possible because people who do have accounts upload all their contact information to Facebook, which Facebook then stores. That includes names and mobile phone contact information. Facebook say they do this so that they can help to connect you with that friend if they ever do open a Facebook account.READEffective tips for a good marketing campaign on InstagramWhere it gets sinister is when information is uploaded regarding people who do have a Facebook account. If youve deliberately withheld any of your contact information from Facebook such as your email address or phone number Facebook will connect it to your account if one of your friends uploads it as part of their contact information. That means Faceboo k now have the information you didnt want to give them and will allow marketers to use it for targeting purposes.Your Phone NumbersIf you’ve never given your phone number to Facebook, you’ll constantly be aware of that fact because Facebook will tell you how important it is that they have your number ‘for security purposes’ every time you log in. We don’t dispute that there are security benefits that come with Facebook having your number, but we do dispute some of the other ways your number can be used.Other companies who use Facebook may also have your number. Lets say you submitted it to to a company you once bought a product from, or when registering for a website. Facebook allows advertisers the ability to upload their own lists of contact numbers and match them against numbers Facebook are aware of. If you gave your number while buying a sofa three years ago, and that sofa company uses this facility, they can now directly target you with adverts on Facebook because th eyve matched your account.Everybody Around YouSo long as you’re logged into Facebook, Facebook knows where you are. You can turn off the location data in your phone, but they’ll still track your IP address. By its own admission, Facebook records the type of mobile device you’re using, your current battery level, the O/S and browser of your laptop or desktop, your home ISP and the company providing your mobile services. They know when you’re connected, how you’re connected and where you’re connected. They can even make a good guess at how long you’ll be online for.That level of data storage is worrying on its own, but consider this; Facebook also knows which other Facebook users are connected to them using the same WiFi or internet network youre on. A friend visits your home and hops onto your WiFi? Facebook knows youre both there. Youve gone to a public space which offers free WiFi, like a cafe? Facebook knows youre all there together. It uses this data to work out wha t youre doing and what your shared interests are, and creates a connection between you and the people around you in Facebooks memory. Now it can take guesses at whether youd be interested in things that the people around you are interested in. It also uses the information to make friend suggestions, which explains why were sometimes recommended people weve never heard of.Facebook may well be tidying up its act, but based on the above it’s got an awful lot of tidying to do.

The Theory Of Human Life Development Essay - 1576 Words

Throughout chapter one, I have been given a general scope of understanding on how there are multidisciplinary aspects of development that encompass and influence someone’s life, whether it be biological, socioemotional or cognitive. We have many concepts of gauging an individual’s age including psychological, biological, social and most commonly used or expressed, chronological. These concepts together, including social, economic, cultural and chronological similarities and differences, make up our developmental timeline, with everyone’s being unique. Theories on development to make sense of such complexity have been made including Freud’s psychosexual stages, Erikson’s psychosocial stages, ecological theory, ethological theory and one that attempts to incorporate or use them all, the eclectic theory. With many methods of collecting data and time span research we can identify patterns and offer solutions to man problems. However, there will always b e the issue with sorting through and eliminating bias research and irrelevant, misguided and misleading information. Human life development is an interesting field to study, with the enormous amount of information to incorporate into theories, problems, hypothesis’s and potential solutions. Where does one begin and with what purpose or pursuit? I have always enjoyed simplified theories such as Erik Erikson’s, that attempt to explain something that we humans have encountered millions of times over, unless you are a young earthShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Human Life Development Essay1572 Words   |  7 Pagesmultidisciplinary aspects of development that encompass and influence someone’s life, whether it be biological, socioemotional or cognitive. We have many concepts of gauging an individual’s age, including psychological, biological, social and ,most commonly used or expressed, chronological. These concepts together, including social, economic, cultural and chronological similarities and differences, make up our developmental timeline, with everyone’s being unique. Theories of development to make sense of suchRead MoreTheories About Human Developments Through A Life Span1742 Words   |  7 Pageshas taught and explained many theories about human developments through a life span. Such has Erikson’s stage of Identity Vs. Identity confusion which is explained by how aging adolescents face deciding who they are, what they are all about, and where they are going in life. Identity is aided by psychosocial moratorium, its noted that society leaves adolescents free of responsibility, and allows them to try different identities throughout a lifespan. Another theory that Dr. Zeng taught and explainedRead MoreA Psychological Interview Analysis Of Levinson s Life Structure Approach And Erikson s Theory Of Human Development Essay944 Words   |  4 PagesComparison: A Psychological Interview Analysis of Levinson’s Life St ructure Approach and Erikson’s Theory of Human Development Approach This psychological interview analysis will compare and summarize the theoretical applications of Erikson’s Theory of Human Development and Levinson’s Life Structure Approach. The subject of the interview, Charlotte McBeth, will express the challenges that arise in the stable and transitional periods of life in a Scottish family, which she expresses in the various aspectsRead MoreLifespan Perspectives1061 Words   |  5 PagesLifespan perspectives Although humans seem very different from one another, each human develops partly like everyone else, yet partly like no one else. Most of the time human’s attention is focused on one another’s unique qualities instead of realizing how similar humans really are. In fact, as humans, almost everyone has traveled some similar path. People such as, President Barack Obama, Joan of Arc, and Marilyn Monroe shared similar paths of life span development. Each one began to walk at approximatelyRead MoreEssay about Human Growth and Development1057 Words   |  5 PagesHuman Growth and Development Peter Nyarkoh PSY/280 July 17, 2010 Khurshid Khan Human Growth and Development Human growth and the life span perspective begin from the day of conception and continue throughout the life span. It is a lifelong process which involves periods and domains of very great importance. Psychologist, sociologist, and others have done many researches into the life span of humans and have made various conclusions as to how humans behave at any given time in the life spanRead MoreAdolescence Is A Critical Time For A Human1405 Words   |  6 Pages Identity development is a fluid process throughout the human life cycle. Seemingly, adolescence, development after the age of 12 through young adulthood, is the most difficult transitive period in the life cycle. Adolescence is a critical time for a human, because it is the period when various personal roles are examined and one tries to assimilate these roles into a perception of self. Adolescents are struggling to identify different areas in their life such as religious preferences, sexualityRead MoreThe Theory Of Huma n Development1060 Words   |  5 PagesTheories of human development deliver a framework to deliberate human growth, development, and learning. Understanding the theories can deliver useful contents into individuals and society a set of principles and concepts that describe life span development. Development perspectives are the psychoanalytic theory, behavior theory, humanistic approach and cognitive theory. Each theory focuses on different aspects of human development. The psychoanalytic is â€Å"the approach stating that behavior is motivatedRead MorePsychoanalytic Theories Explain Development As Unconscious Processes That Are Heavily Colored By Emotion846 Words   |  4 Pages Psychoanalytic theories explain development as unconscious processes that are heavily colored by emotion (Santrock 2014). Sigmund Freud was a psychoanalytic theorist who established a psychosexual theory believing that development occurred during life stage conflicts between a source of pleasure and the demands of reality. Many theorists after Freud believed that there was a good basis in Freud’s theory but it relied too much on the idea of sexual instincts. One such theorist was Erik EriksonRead MoreFoundations of Human Development in the Social Environment Essay828 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Foundations of Human Development in the Social Environment BSHS 325 Foundations of Human Development in the Social Environment The foundation of human development, responds to the breakdown of its commitment to the development of attitudes and skills, which facilitate authentic personal, spiritual, and social development and the transformation throughout an individual’s life span. During an individual’s life span, the foundations of human development begin to change, as the directRead MoreLife Span Perspective Essay1187 Words   |  5 PagesLife Span Perspective Paper Cindy Amundson Psy/375 April 11, 2011 Professor Deborah Wilkerson, M.A., ABD The study of human development is a science. It is based on theories, data, analysis, critical thinking, and sound methodology (Berger). Five characteristics of Development that will be discussed in this paper are multidirectional, multi-contextual, multicultural, multidisciplinary and plasticity. There are also five theories of development which are psychoanalytical, behaviorism,

To Analyze the Scope and Acceptance of Electronic Medical...

TO ANALYZE THE SCOPE AND ACCEPTANCE OF ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORDS AMONG DOCTORS IN INDIA A Project of Summer Training Submitted in partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the award of the Post-Graduate Diploma in Business Management Batch: 2009-11 [pic] SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY: Dr.S.R. Dash Fozia Afreen Professor and Project Guide (IMS) BM-09071 (IV Trimester) INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES LAL QUAN, GHAZIABAD†¦show more content†¦Next, I would like to thank Mr. Aakash Bindal for assigning me the project and for his proper guidance and cooperation. Without his useful tips the project would have been incomplete. I would also like to thank Mr. Kapil Munjal, Mr. Rajan Goyal, Mr. Amit Arora and Mr. Rashmikant Mohanty for their useful advice and expert guidance, which helped me in completing this project successfully. I am also indebted to all staff members of the company for their kind and friendly attitude and immense cooperation. And last but not the least, I would like to thanks my Parents, Friends and Colleagues for their constant support and encouragement CONTENTS |Chapter |Topic |Page no. | | |Cover page |1 | | |Title of project |2 | | |Declaration |3 | | |Certificate |4 | | |Executive summary |5 | |Show MoreRelatedImportance Of Airtel And Reliable Service Essay1758 Words   |  8 Pagesservice venture in India. Hence, the benefits and adjunct information is necessary to show before CEO for required revenue investment and management of resources. More precisely the risk factors, benefits, recommendation according to local health patterns and cost-benefit analysis constitute the primary information of this report. Other than this, it is also important to address the local public policy maker for advocating the advantage associated with the implementation of record system. UtilizationRead MoreHospital Management Information Management System13053 Words   |  53 Pagesunable to provide even primary medical care to our people let alone secondary and tertiary medical care. The current scenario of information flow in most of the hospital in Bangladesh presents a paper based, time consuming, inefficient system leading to problems of inefficient utilization of resources and problems to patients. All these problems and poor coordination – are closely connected to our failure to use health information technology as an integral part of medical care. Not only that we faceRead MoreImpacts of Information Technology on Individuals, Organizations and Societies21097 Words   |  85 Pageshigh-tech piracy (theft of digital content) that was carried out by people duplicating videotapes and DVDs. The need to produce and distribute physical media presented a number of technical and logistical difficulties for movie pirates, which limited the scope of their operations. Thus, picture studios largely ignored these activities. When Napster.com and other sites began to use the Web and peer-to-peer technologies to share pirated music, movie producers felt reasonably immune to this trend. After allRead MoreContemporary Applications of Schools in Psychology8487 Words   |  34 Pagesusefulness of a product.   The Field of Literature: Introspection is also used in fiction-writing  used to convey a characters thoughts. A characters thoughts can greatly enhance a story by deepening characterization, increasing tension, and widening the scope of a story (Kress, 2003). The Field of Applied Psychology: Cognitive Psychology, Educational Psychology, and Counseling Psychology: Researchers working within the field of cognition  and  attribution  ask people to report on their mental processesRead MoreA Theoretical Perspective on Dowry Deaths in India22724 Words   |  91 PagesMETHODLOGY Area: Rights of women in India Topic: A Theoretical Perspective on Dowry Deaths in India Objectives: a) To understand the concept of dowry as has originated and evolved in India. b) To conceptualize modern day consequences of dowry system. c) To refer to various laws in India and find out reasons for ineffectuality. d) To analyze the trend lay down in this regard by way of various judicial decisions. e) To critically analyze the reasons for divergence betweenRead MoreThesis About Call Center Agents14127 Words   |  57 PagesCall Center Agent. Considering these, we conduct a group discussion. We brainstormed this topic and unanimously agreed to it to be our research topic.. Strengths We applied other components of therapeutic relationship such as active listening, acceptance, genuine interest and positive regard during interaction process to facilitate cooperation from our participants and obtain the information we needed. We divided the tasks accordingly and all were willing to move beyond our comfort zone in fulfillingRead MoreWhat Are the Impacts of Rfid in Oil and Gas Supply Chain Management?21195 Words   |  85 Pageslook at all the issues from all sides. The research was conducted using secondary research to gather information on both SCM and RFID technology. After in-depth study, the research was also able to pull out case studies in oil and gas companies to analyze the impact of RFID in oil and gas supply chain management. In the final analysis, secondary research has provided information needed to answer the research question. The research looks at information on oil and gas supply chain management and theRead MoreThe Marketing Research of Brainquiry33782 Words   |  136 PagesMarketing Report For Table of Contents Executive Summary The New York research covers a complete sample breakdown of doctors and patients. This breakdown can be used to send surveys, as contact information for personal selling or promotion. The folder titled New York on the CD contains all information needed to conduct any of the things mentioned above. There is also an ample sports breakdown for the golf professionals. This is not a sample but all the private golf clubs andRead MoreLas 432 Research Paper: Gmos20901 Words   |  84 Pagesand deliberate actions of farmers is now being taken to new levels with scientists in a controlled scientific environment. This innovative technology is not without its legal, political and social issues, all of which will be discussed in depth. Among other things, this report also addresses the environmental, economic and psychological impact that Genetically Modified Organisms and the science of them have on the world. Media influences and the cultural perspective is also addresses within thisRea d MoreProject Report on Summer Training in Kotak Mahindra Life Insurence Recruitment Process16354 Words   |  66 Pages | |2. EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTES | |Various management institutes, engineering colleges, medical Colleges etc. are a good source of recruiting well qualified executives, | |engineers, medical staff etc. They provide facilities for campus interviews and placements. This source is known as Campus | |Recruitment.

The Battle Of The World War II Essay - 1908 Words

Doomsday is defined as the day where the world will come to an end and people will face God on Judgment Day. Many people are fascinated by the notion that Doomsday will eventually happen soon, but there’s always a miscalculation when it comes to predicting as when the world will end. World War II is the most significant period in the twentieth century because technology, civil rights movement in the U.S, and the ability to explore outer space took a huge leap of fascination around the world. The two powerful allies emerged during World War II as to begin a Cold War with each other that defined the twentieth century. The idea that the world will come to an end by a nuclear war based on previous events from World War II that can potentially one day happen again because of historic evidence from the Cold War that wiped out two major cities in Japan, scientific evidence of a secret nuclear weapon written in India’s ancient epics, and the production of radiation smoke that b uilds up overtime can slowly kill humans. Zombies are dead corpse that is revived by a virus. The myth of zombies originated from Haiti in 1626 to 1800s, as an image of inhumanity where slaves were treated ruthlessly. In the Haitian religion, slaves believed that dying was a way for them to return to Guinea, where they are free from torture in the afterlife. Under the ruled by Saint-Domingue in France when African slaves to work for the sugar plantation. Slaves who worked under the French were treatedShow MoreRelatedThe Battle Of The World War II974 Words   |  4 PagesSecond World War, the families would experience â€Å"a constant dread of receiving a telegram announcing the injury, missing status or capture, or death of a husband, son or father. Why help to fight World War II when you know the pain that it endures on your family? In the middle of World War II in 1939, a photographer captured a commemorative picture of a soldier/father kissing his daughter goodbye before her d ad leaves Britain. Not only does the photograph show the impacts that World War II had onRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II1345 Words   |  6 Pages World War II, intensified tensions between two of the strongest countries in the 1940s, the United States of America and Japan. On December 7,1941, Japanese planes and submarines attacked the American Naval base at pearl harbor, one of America’s largest bases and the largest base in the Pacific Ocean.The attack caused serious damage to the base, taking out America’s strongest battleships, killing thousands of people, and destroying hundreds of planes. America officially enters World War II. TheRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II1047 Words   |  5 PagesThe first time aircrafts are seen playing major roles in World War II Germany and Japan had begun to attack the nation. Germany and Japan began their initial attacks strong with air strikes, first attacking Holland, Denver, France, and England. When the British retaliated, they had cutting-edge fighters guided by radar. The Battle for Britain was one of the first battles fought solely in the air, keeping Germany from taking control of Britain’s airways. Japan also began its attack on the U.S viaRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II995 Words   |  4 PagesAlyssa Humphrey Humphrey, 1 April 21, 2015 2nd On September 1, 1939 Germany invaded Poland. Britain and France declared war on Hitler s Nazi Germany in retaliation. Humiliated and dissatisfied with their loss in World War I Germany wanted a powerful leader who could bring them to a strong victory. Invading the whole world meant there would be other countries stronger then they were. By this time, the Japanese had built a strong naval offense system known as the Combined Fleet commanded by IrorokuRead MoreThe Battle Of World War II1168 Words   |  5 Pages The Battles of World War II Normandy Invasion, D-Day In December 1943, the head of staff of the Allies picked American General Dwight D. Eisenhower as incomparable administrator for the Allies in Europe. English General, Sir Frederick Morgan, added to various arrangements for the Allies, most uncommon was Operation Overlord, a full-scale intrusion of France over the English Channel. This was the codename for the most mysterious summon in the war. The initial plan was to cross the English ChannelRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II2128 Words   |  9 PagesWorld War II, which lasted from 1939 to 1945, is considered the largest armed conflict in human history. This war was fought over six different continents, in every ocean, and ultimately resulted in fifty million military and civilian deaths; including the six million Jews who perished in the Holocaust. Within the course of the seven-year span of fighting in the war, two decisive battles changed the tide of the war in each theater: The D-Day landings and the Battle of Midway. The invasion of NormandyRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II1315 Words   |  6 PagesSam Carter L9 To What Extent was the Battle of Stalingrad a More Important Turning Point in World War II than the Battle of Britain? The Battle of Stalingrad was fought from the September 1942 through to early February 1943, and took place after the Germans had reached the fringes of Leningrad and Moscow in operation Barbarossa. Hitler’s, and the German commander of the sixth army, General von Paulus’ main aim was to take and secure the oil fields of Caucasus in Russia. The oil from here wouldRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II1156 Words   |  5 PagesWord War II was a time that caused many people to feel a lot of tension, anxiety and concern. While some wanted power, control, and wanted the notion of superiority. Others were left feeling unsafe, scared, and were worried of what the future would bring them. The uncertainly lead many to feed off the fear and the tension among people rose. No one was to be trusted. During the time of World War II the most important thing to have was power. Countries did not care how they would achieve it they simplyRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II1414 Words   |  6 Pagesthe global conflict known as World War 2 had been brutally raging on for over two years. American forces had managed to stay out of the war. However, when the Japanese bombed the naval base in Hawaii, Pearl Harbor, the Americans could no longer hold out. On December 7, 1941, the United States of America entered WWII (â€Å"Origins of the Normandy Landing†). Before the Americans entered the war, Winston Churchill and the Allies (Britain, Canada, France) were losing the war. Everything was against themRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II1249 Words   |  5 Pageswere more than one hundred warships which included eight massive battleships. The US was suffering from the Great Depression, which made Americans think that they would stay out of World War II. As tensions grew between Japan and America, American sailors and airmen were training just in case the US were to join World War II. Americans had not realized that Japan and America were becoming enemies because the main enemy was Adolf Hitler; his goal was to conquer all the democracies of Europe. In 1940,

Industry Placement Intercontinental Sydney Double Bay-Free samples

Question: Discuss About The Placement Intercontinental Sydney Double? Answer: Introduction I have always wanted to have a career that would make me face new challenges every day, improve my skills, and most importantly, keep me well-paid. Hotel Management certainly ticks all the right boxes; and I was more drawn to this field as in an ever-fortifying economy like Australia, there is ample need of premium hotels and with that, efficient service. I did some online research regarding the career opportunities in this line and with help from a friend, enrolled for my industrial placement at Intercontinental Sydney Double Bay, which I eventually acquired. The following report deals with my experience of serving as an intern at ISDB. I have provided an overview of the hotel and the induction process. I have analysed the organisations training program and the strategies it employs to achieve its targets. As expected, hard work is the only explanation of ISDBs notable success. Perseverance is the key to creating and maintaining a hotel that lives up to its motto- Great Hotels Guest s Love.. Reflection on Personal Journey of Securing Industrial Placement Into the penultimate year of Hotel Management studies at Blue Mountains International Hotel Management School, Australia, I was eager to secure an industrial placement in a leading Australian hotel, in order to kick start my career with on-field work experience. I finally decided on Intercontinental Hotel Double Bay, Sydney, a five-star facility which serves as the perfect place for a new-comer like me to learn the tricks of the trade in order to become a successful Hotel Management Executive in the future. I worked as an intern (as a club attendant) at ICH from 31st January 2016, 2017 to 30th July, 2017; after securing my internship placement in mid-January. The first task was to search for the ideal hotel and the right position that fits my qualifications and criteria of placement. I was already aware of IHG, one of the leading chains of hotels in the world; and right since I got into college it has been my desire to work there someday. IHG guarantees a productive career and a fair share of promotions and incentives after a considerable period of service. The official IHG career website lays out all the necessary information regarding the Intercontinental Group, training facilities, job openings, and an array of other features. The search-results display vacancies and job openings in a specified location. The job descriptions include the position applied for and the hotels offerings in such positions; while also incorporating other features like standards of service, working-hour flexibility, Responsible Service of Alcohol Certificate, individual employee aptitudes, and so on (ihg.taleo.net, 2017). After comparing and contrasting with a few other available options and after recommendation from a senior at Blue Mountains, I applied at Intercontinental Hotel Double Bay, Sydney for the position of Club Attendant. Job-Search Procedures and Personal Experience There are several techniques and approaches as to searching for hotel management jobs such as career websites, and online placement consultancies. It is necessary to create account in some of these websites and keep updating the candidates resume, preferences and personal information. Searches can be made on popular sites like seek.com.au, Indeed.com.au and so on ("Job Search | Indeed", 2017); (seek.com.au, 2017). Whenever the candidates profile with an available vacancy, the websites automatically send emails and text messages to the candidate. LinkedIn is another great platform which helps candidates apply for jobs online while also building up professional contacts. Personally I faced a couple of issues while applying for and getting this job, as I was a fresher had no prior experience in online job searching. I had a few hitches setting the proper parameters for my search and deciding upon the available options. Moreover, vacancies are not always available in hotel management internships, and I had to wait for about three weeks after applying before the application received feedback from the employers end. However, with time and several attempts, I was able to use the sites properly to my benefit. Employers Perspective behind Industry Placement IHG is reported to have a staff-strength of about 300,000 across its chain of hotels around the globe. IHG is said to have a staff-engagement of 82%; which appears quite futuristic and enhanced, in comparison to a figure of 62%, the average in the cordiality industry. It has also been observed in a survey that 8 out of 10 employees recommend Intercontinental as a favourable workplace; and every second employee has moved higher up the staff-hierarchy through promotions and rewards (Pollitt, 2008). For the interview, it is necessary that the candidate is aware of the hotel-authoritys requirements and presents himself as the right person for the job. IHG has a fair and equitable process of interviewing and appointment, where each candidate faces a series of questions and situations, depending upon the particular field of work he has applied for. This ensures that all appointments are carried out based on merit and skills, and not on the basis of personal favouritism or personal gains. During my interview with the Food and Beverages Manager and the Guest Relations Manager, I was asked a series of questions regarding my studies, prior experience in the field, future plans and so on. I was also given several situations and asked how I would respond to them and react during certain emergencies. Situation-management helps the employer assess the inherent aptitudes and possible strengths and weaknesses of a candidate; and also helps shortlist the ones to be employed (Endsley Jones, 2013). Overview of the Organisation and Evaluation of the Induction Process Overview of Intercontinental Sydney Double Bay Intercontinental Hotel Sydney Double Bay (ISDB) is a part of the Intercontinental Hotels Group (IHG), which runs a chain of over one hundred and eighty hotels, in more than sixty countries across the world. The group also has shares in over 5000 subsidiary hotels, operating in a hundred countries. The Intercontinental Sydney Double Bay is a magnificent five star luxury hotel situated in the eastern parts of the Sydney suburbs of Double Bay. The hotel-building was opened in 1991, then known as the Ritz Carlton Double Bay (Boyd, 2017). The Ritz Carlton was one of the most sought after luxury hotels in New South Wales, attracting celebrities, corporate personalities and world leaders like Princess Diana and former US President George W Bush. The wedding ceremony of former Prime Minister Bob Howke, and Blanche d Alpuget was also conducted here in 1995. In 2001, the lodging was subject to financial turbulence leading to a takeover, and was renamed the Stanford Plaza Hotel (Patterson, 2017 ). In 2013, about 22 years after its formal opening, the property was purchased by Royal Hotels Australia, who made an agreement with the Intercontinental Hotels Group regarding new ownership and management (Thomsen, 2014). This marked the inception of the Intercontinental Sydney Double Bay, a state-of-the-art facility which lives by the core value of its motto: Great Hotels Guests Love. ISDB is one of the forerunning hotels of the IHG hotels chain. It has 140 guest rooms and suites accommodated in luxurious private balconies and residences. The main building overlooks the Double Bay Beach, local villages and specimens of old French architecture. It is surrounded by themed restaurants and cafes, bars, shopping facilities, boutiques, and lastly, pristine beaches (De Vires De Vires, 2014 ). ISDB has a long array of facilities, like the Club Lounge which overlooks the French courtyards, and The Rooftop Bar and Lounge that provides a direct view of the Bay (Sydney, 2017). There is the Stoc k Room restaurant, a multi cuisine restaurant, which specialises in its unique botanical-inspired dishes. The Stillery is a cocktail lounge with a 1940s-inspired theme; while High Tea and High Martini are smaller facilities serving top-notch drinks and beverages ("Dine Drink", 2017). ISDB also has provisions for hosting meeting and conferences; and events like weddings, kosher events, private parties and so on. Process of Induction Every leading company has its own process of induction, by which they welcome new employees, and introduce them to the workplace, their colleagues and also brief them about the nature of work and the organisations goals (Marchington et al., 2016). This may involve taking the employee on a tour around the property and let him get used to the lounges, food and beverage stores, lobbies, and other public areas of the hotel (Strebinger, 2014). At Intercontinental Sydney, the process of induction is initiated before the employee joins work on his first day. The staff members are sent emails regarding the new employee, which enables them to give him or her a warm welcome, and the employee to interact and make friends with his new colleagues. Personal Experience On my first day, a senior executive of the Club Intercontinental gave me an insight on the department and how it functions. I was introduced to the other staff members who were very hospitable and helpful towards me. My line of work at the Club Intercontinental involves both the front offices and the Food and Beverages Department. The job requires working in quite a few locations inside the hotel premises and to help me get used to the compound and the people manned thereat. My colleagues introduced me to several of the departmental heads, from whom I learned about my duties and obligations; although the main highlight was Club Intercontinental and the Food and Beverages Department, as my primary work involves these two in particular (Walker, 2012). Lastly, the Human Resources Manager at ISDB had a short induction session with me where he laid out the necessary information regarding my job, payments and benefits. He also had me fill up some official paperwork about my personal detail s; along with an online HR Induction form (Hoque, 2013). Suggestions Regarding Induction A proper induction process is one of the most important steps for a new appointment as it considerably curdles the high staff turnover cost. The induction process should include all the required information for the candidate to start working without facing too many hitches along the way. It should be planned and should focus particularly on the department the candidate will function in. The induction process should have an optimum length, that is, it must not be too long and elaborate, nor too short (Cheng Brown, 1998). The idea is to welcome a new employee and prepare him for the job so that on the field of work, he can function seamlessly and most productively. It is also advisable to provide the candidates with some training manuals and information booklets which they could consult if no help is available (Armstrong Taylor, 2014). Evaluation of the Organisations Training Program; Comparison to Competitors Training Program The IHG Academy The Intercontinental Hotels Group hosts the IHG academy, through which Intercontinental Hotels collaborate with a number of community groups and institutes in order to assist candidates build up hospitality skills and improve their ability to get placed in hotel-management jobs (Turner, 2017). Operating globally, IHG Academies are tailor-made to fit the needs of the local group they cater to. Each academy has three common objectives: collaborating with local institutes and community groups, provide guaranteed placements, and give feedbacks to every person in every position. The IHG Institute was inaugurated in 2006, and ever since it has been growing steadily and now covers over sixty countries (Soekrino, 2017). The I-Grad Programme IHG also offers a host of openings and opportunities for talented and aspiring individuals who wish to become team leaders or senior executives in the future; through a training program called I-grad (Soekrino, 2017). The eighteen month course enables the candidates to pick up the necessary tactics and fundamental ideas on how to run a hotel business, while also developing their respective set of skills. The hotel management business, along with its various aspects and features, is taught from scratch to candidates in order to help them realise their career aspirations. The program has a large number of stages in which a candidate will work in a different branch of the hotel like Food and Beverage, Rooms Division, Room Service and so on; but keeping the focus on the distinct field of work (ihg.com, 2017). The program gives practical experience of work with the front office team and also instils the ability to be responsible for operations as one climbs up the supervisory hierarchy. A ll the stages are carefully devised to train the candidates for maximum career growth. The eighteen month course is segregated into three phases of six months each. They are as follows: Learning the ropes In the opening six months, candidates are made to spend most of their working hours with front line staff and observe how they contribute collectively towards the overall goal of the brand. This period helps build strong inter and intra-departmental relations; with most of the work in the Front Office, Banquets, Clubs, Food and Beverages and so on (Andrews, 2013). Choosing ones own path The next six months aim at specialisation at the candidates respective departments, focusing on the supervisory level to impart employee-specific information. I-grad trainees are given leadership-specific responsibilities which aid them in leading a team and taking the brand-name forward. Future as a leader This program deals with what lies in a candidates career or life after completion of I-Grad. The Future Leaders Program encourage graduate candidates to explore their work related aptitudes and innate creativity in correlation to how they can implement their skills in their lives and career. Comparison to competition The main contrast between IHG and other leading hotel chains is the fact that the company does not presume the graduates aims and aspirations; they ask and act accordingly. If we consider Accor for comparison, they provide an Executive Leaders Program which is a two-year course and also requires a minimum work-experience of two years in a supervisory role. However, it requires more time than I-Grad and is also not open to fresher candidates. The Marriot group offers a Management Development Program (MDP), which gives training on departments like Housekeeping, Room Divisions, Food and Beverage, Loss Prevention and so on. This course is usually 6-12 months long, with most of the work on the Front Offices. In a way the duration of IHGs I-Grad program is optimum for graduate and under-graduate aspirants (ihgplc.com, 2017). IHG stand out from the rest due to their futuristic outlook of tailoring their training program suited perfectly to both hotel and individual needs. Business Objectives of the Organisation and Strategies Implemented Brand Motto As already stated, Intercontinental Hotel Groups brand is to incept and maintain Great Hotels Guests Love. IHG emphasise on creating first-rate development, for which they maintain sustained and reliable growth in benefits and income over a long period. IHG are of the view that with such an optimistic model, the company focuses on creating esteem. This is done through constructing top brands, scale leveraging and income-delivery through the most cost-efficient media. Aided by organised execution and the promise of cooperation and dependence, IHGs target portfolio will definitely extract hefty returns for their shareholders (Xie, Zhang Zhang, 2014). Digital Reservations The chief blueprint of IHG regarding enhanced growth aims at reinforcing the various portfolio of segregated brands, establishing identity in leading markets, creating lifetime relationships with guests and transferring profits to hotels through the most direct and cost-efficient channels. At the heart of such technology lies potent innovation and aggressive proprietary policies; thereby drawing in huge returns (Jin, 2015). The IHG Annual Report 2016 states that there has been a gigantic increase in digital sales (ihgplc.com, 2017). These include booking and payments through websites and mobile apps. IHG has surpassed 3 billion users and have an annual growth rate of 300 million new users. The company calculated a 40% hike in booking via the mobile app, creating additional sales of over $1.2 billion (Turner, 2017). Amadeus- A Futuristic Reservation Platform IHG also considerate to the requirements of visitors, with the constant motto of serving the needs of the customer to the fullest potential. It has been reported that almost 70% guests are eager to pay greater room-rates for more facilities and better choice of rooms. IHG has also created a digital guest reservation portal called Amadeus, a system grants the visitor a level of discretion and customisation unlike any other framework operational in the present market (Sydney, 2016). Such a strategy will make the reservation system more flexible and provide a competitive edge to IHG. Never again will the visitor be bound by the rigid offline system where they have very little chance of choosing room-types, that too, based on vacancy (Tan, 2017). With Amadeus, they would now be able to add their own tweaks in their reservation based o their personal preferences. For the hotel staff, this means more customer interaction which augments the management process (Perez et al., 2003). The IHG Academy has been making great progress in recent years, building hospitality skills in domestic regions since ten years. It recorded 11985 new members in 2016 alone and the program now operates in 75 nations. The IHG Foundation support aspirants and help improve their skills and employability. It is due to their unique approach that the candidate-strength boosted from 6,666 in 2014 to n11985 in 2016. The CEO of IHG, Mr. Richard Solomons declared in the 2016 Annual Report that IHG will maximise their revenue and the turnovers through such operations, while building customer good will and fulfilling all necessary parameters (ihgplc.com, Exclusive Offers In order to realise the organisations aim, the one to produce the highest revenue, ISDB offers various packages and bonuses to their visitors in order for them to widen their stay. These include special Food and Beverage vouchers, club vouchers, room discounts, package upgrades and so on. For instance, ISDB gives a Double Delight offer on IHG outlets and special reward points (ihg.com, 2017). The hotel also has exclusive facilities for the Rewards Club Members like bonus points for visitors who book in to a certain criteria of accommodation ; such points can later be gelled together to be availed against a particular service like transport or a complementary stay. Guests can also improve their stay by availing the Club service which is supervised by Club InterContinental (Harris Mongiello, 2006). The offer is inclusive of complementary breakfast, tea in the afternoon with canaps; and day-long complementary snacks and non-alcoholic beverages. This service comes at a lucrative additio nal charge of just A$ 165 a night for two adults. Most of the frequent guests avail the Club service to optimise the value of their stay. Unparalleled Staff-Management However, no brand can succeed without dedicated support and perseverance from the staff; and IHG are totally conscious of the fact. The staff is equally as responsible as the management or the ownership behind the luxurious experience the guests have during their stay (Enz, 2009). To this effect, the Human Resource Department of ISDB sincerely looks after the needs and requirements of the staff. IHG has created a stepping-ground for staff-enhancement with several staff-education and development procedures (Chand Katou, 2017). The Annual report states that there are opportunities to grow for every employee to reach the IHG Leadership Academy Program (ihgplc.com, 2017). The staff is applauded and rewarded for notable performances; and every month, there are token rewards for Employee of the Month, Manager of the Month and so on. IHG staff are granted special discounts for rooms or all IHG hotels on the world and 25% rebate on food and beverages in their respective property. Such conce rn and care about the needs of the staff will help IHG maintain their stellar level of staff performance Role of Internal and External Stakeholders and the Companys Policy Types of Stakeholders The involvement and exchange between the company and its partners is a primary requisite for the business of hotel management. Stakeholders (not to be confused with stock-holders or shareholders) are of two main types- Internal and External (Davies Chum, 2002). In IHGs case like any other global hotel chain, the employees, workers, owners, board members and shareholders constitute the internal stakeholders; while customers, corporate visitors, guests, suppliers and competitors are considered as external stake holders (Hwang Der-Jang, 2005). It is imperative to understand the needs of both internal and external stakeholders and develop an all-inclusive policy to balance both sides in order to achieve the brands goals. No business can survive without proper correlation and harmony between the internal and external stake holders. From the perspective of an industry placement candidate, it is easily possible to classify the stakeholders in to internal and external. Club Intercontinental Performance The collective contribution of all the stakeholders adds up to generating the companys revenue. Club Intercontinental aims at providing premium services to customers as the primary objective- as customers are one of the most effective means of promotion and revenue generation (ihg.com, 2017). For instance, if a guest stays at the hotel, avails the Club Continental facilities, and receives unparalleled service, he would feel at home with the brand. He would come back and avail those services again and definitely recommend the hotel and club to his friends, family and colleagues. This serves the role of a promotion when customers indulge in verbal and conversational publicity. From the hotels viewpoint, this form of publicity yields additional revenue as customers are influenced more and more, and from the verbal advertising , will look forward to visiting the hotel to avail similar premium services. Online reviews by customers have now become a major form of publicity these days (Jeon g Jeong, 2008). Using hotel-review websites and blogs, people can now decide upon a suitable hotel and get a qualitative and quantitative analysis, sitting at home or office (Park Allen, 2013). Suppliers Hotel suppliers are considered as important stakeholders, and their role is vital to the company achieving its targeted revenue figures. ISDB always emphasises on making transparent trade with the hotel suppliers and local forms of supply (Lambert, Cooper Pagh, 1998). From ISDBs perspective, it is profitable to trade with local merchants who provide premium products at lower rates, instead of large-scale storage facilities, who charge a lot higher but often do not make it up with the quality. Trading with local businesses is also more sensible as it cuts the expenses of transportation and duties (Sigala, 2008). This would further help the local businesses grow and create immense job opportunities in the region. The locals would realise the positive role of the hotel and feel included in its plan, resulting in recommending and promoting its name and goodwill (Holcomb, 2007). Intercontinental Sydney Double Bay collaborates with several local businesses. For instance it has a tie-up wi th a local florist, which serves both internal and guest requirements at the hotel. In this way, the florists business is augmented while ISDB gets the flowers at a much lower rate their value in the market. Since ISDB is not the largest property with but 140 rooms for guests, it joins hands with several local trades for guest-facilities- it has a contractual agreement with Trumps Spa and Snap Fitness. Such tie-ups also help the employees of local businesses who can avail special services at the hotel (ihg.com, 2017). Shareholders Shareholders of the brand constitute an integral part of ISDBs external stakeholders. Whenever the hotel requires capital for its business purposes, it asks assistance from its shareholders to invest the necessary funds. Such an engagement has to be profitable for both the hotel and the shareholder. For instance, for the renovation of the interior of Club Continental, the huge amount of money required needs to come from the shareholders end. The hotel needs to initiate and acquaint the shareholders regarding the type of investment and the foreseeable returns. In ISDBs case, the board of trustees have their own executives to review and analyse the nature and scale of such investments before they are requested or sanctioned (ighplc.com, 2017). With a perfect harmony and correspondence between the hotel and its share holders, more investors can be attracted, and the revenues can be increased manifold, almost in geometric proportions, unlike verbal and online promotions. In 2006, IHG rec orded a gross annual revenue of A$ 1.7 billion, and an unsurpassed 48.8% profit from its free revenues (Turner, 2017). Following the hotels massive growth and gigantic revenue figures, in May 2017, the property housing ISDB was purchased from Royal Hotels by the Shanghai United Real Estate Inc. And Zobon Real Estate Group Co , Ltd., for a reported 140 million dollars (Boyd, 201 Evaluation of Candidates Performance Main Strengths My internship at Intercontinental Sydney Double Bay is probably the most productive 18 months in my academic life so far. I have learned the basics of the hotel management business from scratch here at ISDB, starting from manning the Club InterContinental front desk to working with the room-service staff. This has been a period of effective self-evaluation and assessment for me. My reflections on the period of industrial placement are as follows: Customer-handling I always fancied if I would be able to manage and satisfy a large number of customers at a given time, which is a requisite for hotel management. Here at ISDB I have definitely learnt the ropes of customer-handling. While my duty hours, assisting the Club Intercontinental Receptionist, I followed what my supervisor was doing and learned how to deal with the visitors one at a time, yet maintaining a brisk space. By the end of my stay, I was quite confidently manning the Front Desk at the Club, under supervision. Anticipating Customer Needs I have often observed that while ordering at clubs in particular and restaurants in general, customers are often confused as to the quantity of food or drinks they require, owing to varying numbers and quantities in different restaurants and bars. While in the club, the couple of shots they have had before, do not help either. This results in surplus orders and consequent wastage of both food and the customers money. Although they profit the hotel just a tad bit, this kind of gain is not the aim of a state-of-the-art facility like ISDB. Since my elder-brother is a senior bartender in Melbourne and went through the same course, I ve had some order-taking lessons from him. I utilised that knowledge while taking food and alcoholic beverages orders, and more often than not, helped the customers order the correct number of plates or the proper quantity of liquor. It helps them get acquainted with the hotels facilities and also save money. Both the desk operator at Stillery and the Rooftop Restaurant Manager appreciated my aptitude in guessing customer requirements. Biggest Achievement While working at the front desk of Club Intercontinental here was one occasion when a visitor had received a wrong bill of $225 whereas his actual expenses had been $124 only. A fuss at the front desk escalated to a heated argument which as usual, spoiled such an elegant atmosphere. I was quick enough to get in touch with the billing department to trace the last receipt amounting to $225. When I found out that the person who should have got the $225 bill was fortunately a boarder, I immediately enquired room service about his room number and with all the details, initiated the Receptionist about the cause of this hitch. He then got the proper bills to reach the respective customers and resolved the matter. Later he complemented me infront of the other staff and said that it was great situation management on my part to quickly find out the root of the mistake that lead to sn unpleasant situation. The senior staff also followed up with a pat on my back. Areas to Improve On Management of Time The greatest issue I felt was hindering my progress was time utilisation. During my first few months, I found it extremely difficult to reach the productivity targets at the Club Intercontinental billing section. The volume of orders is huge and it is quite challenging to generate all the bills in time and most importantly, without errors. I was working there during the Christmas week and this resulted in huge numbers of orders. Quite a few times, I had to ask senior staff members to help me out and even share some of my workload, which they efficiently did, while carrying out their own tasks. My speed has improved a bit, but I will have to be faster if I am to reach the topm of this Hotel Management hierarchy. House-keeping The fact that I could not change bed sheets properly without help, will always embarass me throughout the rest of my career. Several times, I have slowed down the rest of the house-keeping team, courtesy my poor sheet-changing and bed-making skills. I am also not adept when it comes to tea-making. Although I fixed great martinis and screwdrivers back at the Club Intercontinental, my tea was at times quite bitter and one training session, one of the supervisors sprayed it out after the first sip. Since that training, it was advised that I stick to harder drinks at the Club, although I am still working on my tea-making. Leadership Lessons During my training, I always made it a point to observe my supervisors and seniors. I tried to learn as much as I could from how the Managers and Senior Executives dealt with tricky situations, and put them into practice. Leadership is one of the necessary qualities to have a successful career in hotel management, and there is ample scope to learn it during industrial placement at ISDB. While managing staff in a hotel, a manager needs to have a calm temperament and assess each situation independently in an unbiased manner. It is necesary to keep the subordinates motivated and play active parts in realising the companys aspirations. Each employee has different skill-sets and mentalities. A leader needs to extract the maximum out of such differences and make sure that each person is working in such a line of work that maximum productivity can be attained, while maintaining the employees job-satisfaction and motivation. Target to Achieve Within a Year As already stated in the report, my goal is to become a successful hotel management executive in the future. In a year, I want to get a permanent placement as a club attendant at a leading hotel in Australia. In Australia which is an already developed yet rapidly growing economy, the requirement of skilled staff in hotels is forever on the rise. However, the competition is also high, as more and more students are gaining awareness of the field of Hotel Management and the immense possibilities it holds. I wish to carry on my academic development in the field and at the same time, gain more first-hand experience by enrolling into another prominent hotel in Australia. 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Hotel-Specific, Industry-Specific and Macroeconomic Determinants of Profitability in London Hotel Industry: Structure-Conduct-Performance or Efficient-Structure Hypothesis?. Thomsen, S. (2014). The New $100 Million, Five-Star Intercontinental Double Bay Breathes New Life Into The Old Ritz Carlton Read more at https://www.businessinsider.com.au/the-new-100-million-five-star-intercontinental-double-bay-breathes-new-life-into-the-old-ritz-carlton-2014-11#k3mvpojfqyUo1Obh.99.Business Insider, Australia. Turner, G. (2017). IGH- Annual Report and Form 20-F, 2016 (pp. 12-13). IGH. Retrieved from https://www.ihgplc.com/files/reports/ar2016/files/pdf/2016_annual_report.pdf Walker, W. . M. M. 2., (2012). Supervision in the hospitality Industry: Leading human resouces management. Volume 6. Xie, K. L., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. (2014). The business value of online consumer reviews and management response to hotel performance.International Journal of Hospitality Management,43, 1-12.

Female Circumcision Essays (1133 words) - , Term Papers

Female Circumcision Female circumcision, better known as Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), is an ugly monster finally rearing its head from out of the depths of time. It can attack a girl at any age, with a little prompting from her society, and the aid of an unsuspecting human wielding a knife. Usually, it is performed from a few days after birth to puberty, but in some regions, the torture can be put off until just before marriage or the seventh month of pregnancy (Samad, 52). Women that have gone beyond the primary level of education are much less likely to fall victim to the tradition ("Men's...", 34). The average victim is illiterate and living in a poverty-stricken community where people face hunger, bad health, over-working, and unclean water ("Female...", 1714). This, however, is not always the case. As one can see in the following story of Soraya Mire, social classes create no real barriers. Soraya Mire, a 13-year-old from Mogadishu, Somolia, never knew what would happen to her the day her mother called her out of her room to go buy her some gifts. When asked why, her mother replied, "I just want to show you how much I love you." As Soraya got into the car, she wondered where the armed guards were. Being the daughter of a Somolian general, she was always escorted by guards. Despite her mother's promise of gifts, they did not stop at a store, but at a doctor's home. "This is your special day," Soraya's mother said. "Now you are to become a woman, an important woman." She was ushered into the house and strapped down to an operating table. A local anesthetic was given but it barely blunted the pain as the doctor performed the circumcision. Soraya was sent home an hour later. Soraya broke from her culture's confining bonds at the age of 18 by running away from an abusive arranged marriage. -2- In Switzerland, she was put in a hospital emergency room with severe menstrual cramps because of the operation. Seven months later, the doctor performed reconstructive surgery on her. Now in the U.S., Soraya is a leading spokeswoman against FGM (Bell, 58). In addition to being active in the fight against FGM, she is an American filmmaker. She has come a long way. Being well educated about the facts of FGM also brings to light the ugly truth. "It is happening on American soil," insists Soraya. Mutilations are occurring every day among innigrants and refugees in the U.S. (Brownlee, 57). Immigrants have also brought the horrifying practice to Europe, Australia, and Canada (McCarthy, 14). Normally, it is practiced in North and Central Africa ("Men's...", 34), the Middle East, and Muslim populations of Indonesia and Malaysia ("Female...", 1714). Although it seems to have taken root in Muslim and African Christian religions, there is no Koranic or Biblical backing for FGM ("Men's...", 34). Many times female circumcision is treated as a religion in itself. It can be a sacred ritual meant to be kept secret forever. As a woman told poet Mariama Barrie, "You are about to enter Society {sic}, and you must never reveal the ritual that is about to take place." (Barrie, 54). The ritualistic version of FGM is much more barbaric than the sterile doctor's world that Soraya Mire passed through. Mariama Barrie had to endure the most severe form of FGM at the tender age of ten. Mariama's torture is known as infibulation. There is also excision and sunna. Infibulation consists of the removal of the entire clitoris, the whole of the labia minora and up to 2/3 of the labia majora. The sides of the vulva are sewn or held together by long thorns. A small opening the size of the tip of a matchstick is left for the -3- passage of menstrual blood and urine. Excision is a clitoridectomy and sometimes the removal of the labia minora; Sunna is the only type that can truthfully be called circumcision. It is a subtotal clitoridectomy ("Female...", 1714). To put this in perspective, infibulation would be like cutting off a man's penis completely, cutting the testicles to the groin, and making a hole in them to have the semen siphoned out (McCarthy, 14). But still, it can get worse. The instruments that can be used to perform the operation are usually crude and dirty. They can include kitchen knives, razor blades, scissors, broken glass, and in some regions, the teeth of the midwife. Because of this, there are many dangers threatening the victim. The most immediate danger is

Tourism In Africa Tourism Essay Essays

Tourism In Africa Tourism Essay Essays Tourism In Africa Tourism Essay Essay Tourism In Africa Tourism Essay Essay Many people have different positions as to whether touristry has more benefits than defects specifically in the African continent. Tourism can be seen as a concern and like any concern states will endeavor to do the client happy. When thought of touristry activity many people tend to believe that the primary factor is the the tourer But when seeking to bring forth income through touristry activity states tend to bury that there are other factors involved that either terminal up being neglected or exploited such as natural resources and even local occupants. This study will briefly discuss touristry activity in Africa and argue whether the advantages of touristry outweigh the disadvantages. Tourism has become a lifting economic activity across the universe. It contributes to the economic system of many states and has countless advantages. Tourism has besides become an emerging activity in many parts of Africa and the continent is having international acknowledgment because of its many popular tourer finishs. Tourism has brought about great alteration in many African states that has resulted in economic growing. Although touristry has its defects, it can really hold a positive consequence on many peoples lives. Rogerson ( 2007, p.362 ) states that Tourism s potency for lending to economic and societal upliftment in Africa is highlighted by the New Partnership for Africa s Development ( NEPAD ) . The NEPAD Action Plan ( NEPAD, 2004:3 ) as cited by Rogerson ( 2007, p.362 ) states that Tourism is recognized as one of the sectors with the most possible to lend to the economic regeneration of the continent, peculiarly through the variegation of African economic systems, a nd coevals of foreign exchange net incomes Tourism growing in Africa is looking comfortable. Rogerson ( 2007 ) states that In 2005, international touristry reachings exceeded 800 million for the first clip, harmonizing to the United Nations World Tourism Organization ( UNWTO ) . The United Nations Environment Programme ( 2008 ) states that land-based touristry is a major economic activity in Africa as it draws 1000000s of visitants to different sites across the part every twelvemonth and bring forthing 1000000s of dollars in foreign exchange net incomes. African touristry as stated by Rogerson ( 2007, p.365 ) is dominated by the big four states which are Egypt, South Africa Tunisia and Morocco. The 2010 World Cup helped set South Africa on the map as a cardinal tourer finish and we saw many people utilizing their creativeness to get down new and alone concern ventures that helped make occupations and turn the economic system of the state. Tourism in the state grew to new highs and this has helped South Africa in a figure o f ways sing touristry activity. As touristry continues to turn this will shoot income into states, create occupations, lessening unemployment degrees and aid to develop 3rd universe states. Rogerson ( 2007, p.361 ) states that touristry activity in states such as Egypt is being compared to those of affluent states such as Europe and America. Tourism gives people who were antecedently unemployed an chance to bring forth income through different types of touristry activity. Many little concern ventures can be started in local communities where tourers can buy autochthonal keepsakes. This can make occupations and aid to bring forth income for local occupants and diminish the poorness degrees of African states. The World Bank ( 2006a, 2 ) as cited by Rogerson ( 2007 ) states To accomplish the aims of shared growing through touristry, an of import undertaking is the publicity of little to medium sized touristry endeavors, which represent 90 per cent of all touristry endeavors in Africa . Government functionaries who are responsible for touristry activity in their several African states can concentrate on guaranting that local concerns that have a sense of African genius are promoted in booklets that tourers get when looking for topographic points to see. Besides making positive chances and advancing growing in the African continent, touristry besides benefits the visitants. Visitors from abroad can larn the imposts and traditions of different African civilizations and can look up to the great diverseness of our land. Strong relationships between different civilizations can be built. It is hence important for local authoritiess to guarantee that they pay great attending to encompassing their cultural background alternatively of seeking to modernize it. As touristry activity in Africa continues to turn, international visitants can hold a more pleasant experience and this will give them all the ground to desire to come back. Although touristry has legion benefits it besides has its defects. Tourism can work natural resources and occupy the privateness of local occupants. While seeking to increase the figure of international tourers, local communities may abandon their imposts and traditions in order to aline their background with the outlooks of tourers. This will take to states losing their genuineness and will trail tourers off. The United Nations Environment Programme ( 2008 ) states that touristry s consequence on autochthonal peoples in Africa has been profound: with the eviction of communities from their lands, economic disruption, dislocation of traditional values, and environmental debasement. Ecotourism Parker and Khare ( 2005 ) province that Ecotourism promotes a sustainable method to gain gross through preservation and protection of resources by the communities that own them Through the preservation of natural resources communities can guarantee that they do non harm their environment and can besides pull tourers through this enterprise. Although ecotourism can be seen as a manner to advance touristry in a sustainable mode there are still a batch of conflicting thoughts sing this solution. Parker and Khare ( 2005 ) in their work province that Ecotourism is non a silver slug to relieve community adversities, and making a balanced endeavor that addresses widely changing stakeholder demands is non for the swoon hearted. Local populations environing a proposed site, community leaders, nearby small towns, politicians at the local, regional and even national degree are combined with ecotourists and investors, and all can hold viing thoughts of what the undertaking should accomplish . Ecotourism should non be implemented in states with merely the thought of seeking to increase tourer reachings as this could do great danger to the environment. Policies refering ecotourism should be created before it is implanted in any state. Tourism besides faces many challenges in Africa as many states are still far behind when it comes to tourism growing. Andebrhan ( 2009 ) states that the major challenges in touristry development in Africa are specifying the comparative functions of the private, local and foreign touristry spouses in development determinations on the continent, developing human resources and covering with jobs confronting local touristry industries in Africa that are characterized by a big figure of little and moderate-sized touristry endeavors. These jobs can be overcome if the community were to pass on with local authoritiess sing touristry in their land. Governments should negociate with the community members to guarantee that everyone benefits from this activity. Alternatively of concentrating on seeking to better the land by adding new substructure that will increase costs, the local authorities has to concentrate on heightening the autochthonal edifices that they already get. They should besides concentrate on local attractive forces as this is what tourists want to see. In footings of wars and political issues other states should acquire involved and negotiate with the conflicting states to come to a solution. When looking at all the information sing touristry one can clearly see how it has continued to turn in the African continent and how it has helped the economic system to spread out. Tourism is no longer regarded as merely a leisure activity but has become a major subscriber to economic growing. Furthermore it encourages local occupants to take pride in their traditions and physiques strong relationships between the locals and international visitants. Although there are a few downsides to tourism as like any economic activity, these deficits can be reduced through the creative activity of effectual policies and Torahs. If local authoritiess were to work together to make sustainable policies sing touristry growing and how to increase it so this activity would decidedly boom in old ages to come. In reasoning it can be said that in the African continent the advantages of touristry outweigh the negatives but more work has to set into touristry activity to guarantee that it remains so.

Personality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Personality - Essay Example o being in constant unconscious battle within a person makes sense to me, as I liken it to a person’s continual debate of what is right and wrong, and then behaves according to his moral decisions. Such decisions are affected by what society dictates as well as what the person truly desires for himself. Anxiety is a state of tension that propels us to do something. It stems out of a conflict between the id, the ego and the superego over control of the person’s decisions. Anxiety warns the person of an impending danger. 1. â€Å"As an individual, I would not want (acceptance of gay behavior) to be our policy, just like I would not want it to be our policy that if we were to find out that so-and-so was sleeping with somebody elses wife, that we would just look the other way, which we do not. We prosecute that kind of immoral behavior," he said.† The act of General Pace calling gay people in the military immoral made him â€Å"rationalize† his hurtful statement that it was against his upbringing and that immoral acts such as sex between homosexuals should not be condoned. His rationalization only proves at least to himself that he is only doing his duty to protect the morality of citizens. 2. â€Å"The newspaper said Pace did not address concerns raised by a 2005 government audit that showed some 10,000 troops, including more than 50 specialists in Arabic, have been discharged because of the policy.† 3. "General Paces comments are outrageous, insensitive and disrespectful to the 65,000 lesbian and gay troops now serving in our armed forces," the advocacy group Servicemembers Legal Defense Network said in a statement on its Web site.† – The advocacy group may be exhibiting â€Å"denial† by insisting that General Pace’s comments were insensitive and disrespectful. Society does not openly accept homosexuality, and those who are still feel a certain guilt for being the way they are. Being faced with a strong comment like that of General Pace’s makes

Threats confronting the U.S. in 2030 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Threats confronting the U.S. in 2030 - Assignment Example According to the report, demand for these resources will likely grow by over 40% owing to the rapidly expanding global population, it is postulated that these demand will become difficult and in some places impossible to address. Shortages are likely to be caused by a variety of factors that are already in play today such as rapid negative climate change and the possibility of an energy crisis resulting from dying up of oil and other natural energy deposits. These changes are expected to affect the Middle East and Africa especially in regard to water, these regions already have water problems today and it is thus not difficult to predict that without drastic policy changes both therein and globally, the trend will continue to its logical conclusion; which is the water and food crisis. Another of the issues that are to be found in the report has to do with economic revolution in which the dominance of traditionally superior nations and blocks such as the US and EU may challenge. America may not necessarily be the economic super power it has been since the end of the cold war by the year 2030. The report suggests that China, owing to its rapid per-capita growth and industrialization, could overtake the USA to become the world’s leading financial powerhouse. The EU could also suffer from the possible withdrawal of Greece in the aftermath of the pre-2008 financial crisis from which it is still trying to recover, nevertheless, the report suggests that should Greece decide to withdraw, that could be disastrous for the bloc and may even result in a collapse. Recent history and current events have shown how the use of communication technology has enabled people to challenge governments, especially despotic ones and resulted in the toppling of several autocrats suc h as Egypt’s Mubarak and Gadaffi. While the reports predicts citizens may have more power to reach such ends in

Needs Analysis And Applied Intervention Proposal Physical Education Essay

Needs Analysis And Applied Intervention Proposal Physical Education Essay A client has agreed to take part in our case study and a needs analysis will be completed on their chosen sport. This will be split into three areas and they are psychology, nutrition and physiology. Background information of coach/ performer/ team/sport The participant is a 20 year old male cricketer who represents the Lancashire Cricket Club Academy and has been playing cricket from the age 10. The participant is an accomplished all rounder but his main strength is bowling. Therefore, the intervention proposal is based on the clients bowling. Traditionally, cricket is played in the summer where the bowlers will be required to bowl in hot and humid conditions (Burke et al, 1997). Cricket from a physiological perspective is a prolonged variable intensity team sport (Soo et al, 2007). Players are required to perform multiple bouts of intermittent exercise at near maximal effort, punctuated with intervals of low exercise intensity or rest for the duration of the match (Burke et al 1997; Shi et al, 1998). Acts of bowling, batting and fielding primarily utilize the anaerobic energy system. Players are also required to stand for long periods of time, bending, stopping and squatting. These low-moderate paced exercises require good aerobic fitness (Patel, 2010). The energy demands for fast bowling during one-day cricket suggests that fast bowlers deliver 64 deliveries (60 legal/ 4 wides or no-balls) in approximately 40 minutes. During this time bowlers are expected to run 1.9km in about 5.3miniutes at an average speed of 21.6km-h. When viewed in this context it is apparent that bowling in one day cricket is substantial (Noakes et al, 2000). Noakes Durandt (2000) researched the physiological requirements of international cricket players, they were compared against international rugby players and surprisingly very little difference in physiological attributes was found. The average sprint performance for the bowlers over 35 metres was 5.2 seconds. Therefore, when we test our client their scores can be compared to the literature. The main aim of the client is to take over 60 wickets during the upcoming cricket season where he will play 22 matches. He wants his bowling average to be under 30.00 runs per wicket. This means that he has to concede less runs every time he claims a wicket which will test his bowling accuracy. If he can perform to these expectations he will be in contention for selection for the Lancashire Cricket Club second XI. Needs Analysis From an initial interview with the client, the client identified a number of weaknesses and limitations. Figure 1 The Client felt that during the latter part of his bowling run-up he is slowing down instead of getting faster to increase momentum. His bound (jump) during the critical stage of his bowling action was not satisfactory and felt he needed to bound at a greater height. He feels that his head is falling over to the left hand side after he has delivered the ball. He needs to improve his accuracy, he feels as if the ball is controlling him rather than him controlling the ball. He has been getting reoccurring calf pains and he needs to treat it on a day to day basis. He feels pain in his left calf at the end of days play. He feels he needs to improve his arm speed to help him deliver the ball with greater velocity. He doesnt have the confidence to deliver the ball with pace and accuracy. He feels he needs to sacrifice his maximum bowling pace for accuracy He gets deflated when a batsman is dominating him during a spell of his bowling and finds it difficult to bounce back. (Anxiety and Self confidence) As the clients origin is Indian, He consumes Indian food. He feels his current diet is hindering his BMI and physique due to the increased fat intake such as fried rice and chicken tikka curries. However, he has no choice but to eat these types of foods in order to satisfy his culture and his family. Figure 2: Baseline test scores for Physiology Test Mean Score Standing Vertical Jump (cm) 59.2 Arm Power (Hand Grip Dynamometer) (kg) 51.4 10 meter sprint (sec) 1.4249 20 meter sprint (sec) 2.9066 30 meter sprint (sec) 4.8560 Figure 2 shows the baseline test scores that were carried out at the University Of Leicester cricket ground (See appendix for pictures). The hand grip dynamometer was used to measure arm power because it is widely known that hand grip strength is a possible predictor for overall body strength, including arm strength. But little information was available regarding this. Smith et al (2005) reported a correlation in grip strength and overall body strength. Our client scored a vertical jump score of 59.2cm which in comparison to the norm data for 16-20 years it is ranked as above average (Davies et al 2000). However when comparing to elite performers our client ranks in the lowest 40% for male elite athletes (Chu, 1996). It has also been reported that the average jump height for an Academy level pace bowler is 60.5cm (Gore, 2000). Figure 2 show that our client does not meet the suggested values for vertical jump. Therefore, there is a deficiency in their leg power. This supports the needs analysis about the clients bound (jump) during the critical stage of their bowling action. The client feels that they need to execute their bound at a greater height. Figure 3: Nutritional Test/food Dairy Value Mean Score Skinfold Body fat estimate Durnin and Wolmersley  (1974) Equation 19% Body mass index 14.1% Mean daily Calorie intake (non training) 2360 Mean daily Calorie intake (Training) 1458 Figure 3 shows that the bowler needs to reduce their body fat % from 19% to 12%. It has been suggested that a cricketer needs to have a body fat % of around 12-14% (Noakes et al, 2000.). Therefore, setting a weight goal would be appropriate. The target body weight formula allows you to determine your target body weight and the formula is used by athletes who want to reduce their body fat percentage (Macedonia et al, 2009). Figure 4: The Clients 5 Day Calorie intake Calories (kcal) Carbohydrates % Proteins % Fats % 30th October 2295.6 53.57 22.17 24.26 31st October 1817.4 36.73 24.66 38.61 1st November 2113 79.62 7.87 12.51 2nd November 2672.9 61.53 9.73 28.74 3rd November 1099.8 69.53 12.75 17.72 Current Non Training day intake Current Training day intake Figure 4.1: Mean intake of grams consumed for training and non training days Mean Intake in grams per day Carbohydrates Proteins Fats Non training 347.83g 84.83g 81.67g Training 163.95g 61.58g 55.6g Figure 4 and 4.1 show the clients total calorie intake, the percentage of each food category that they consume and the amount of grams they consume for each food category. Figure 5: Cunningham Formula CUNNINGHAM FORMULA: 500+ (22X FFM in kg) = RMR 500+ (22 x 63.99) = RMR Resting Metabolic Rate = 1907 KCAL Figure 5 shows The Cunningham Formula which is a prediction equation that is considered one of the best ways to estimate Resting Metabolic Rate for athletes because it incorporates body composition. This would be useful for the Bowler to calculate so he can consume the right amount of calories on his non-training days (Macedonia et al, 2009). Figure 5.1: Target Body weight Current weight: 173.8lbs Fat Free Mass: 140.8lbs Current Body Fat%: 19% Recommended Body Fat: 12% Figure 5.1 shows the target body weight the client has to achieve in order to reach the recommended body fat % value (see appendix for calculation). Figure 5.2: Target weight Formula: Target Body Weight = current fat-free mass / (1- % desired body fat) 140.8 / (1 0.12) 140.8/ 0.88 = 163.4lbs 173.8 163.4 lbs = 10.4 lbs Target weight loss= 10.4 lbs Figure 5.1 illustrates the target weight formula and shows that the bowler needs to reduce 10.4 lbs of fat free mass to reach his goal of 12% body fat (See appendix for calculation). Figure 5.3: Calories Needed to build muscle and lose fat Goal Gender Total Calories To gain Muscle Mass and lose muscle mass simultaneously Male Baseline Kcal plus 300 1907.08 kcal + 300 = 2207.08 Figure 5.3 shows the clients calorie intake for their training day. Their baseline Kcal is their RMR (see Figure 5). In order to gain muscle and lose fat the athlete has to increase their calorie intake by 300 kcal from their RMR. The revised calorie intake can be used during their training day. Therefore, the athlete has an accurate reading of the amount of calories they can consume during their training and non training days (Macedonia et al, 2009). Figure 6 Non Training Day Calorie Intake 1907 kcal: Grams (g) during Non Training Day 65% of Carbohydrates of 1907 Kcal: 1240 kcal 1240/4= 310g 12% of Proteins of 1907 Kcal: 229 kcal 229/4= 57g 20% Of Fats of 1907 Kcal: 381 kcal 381/9= 42g 3% of Micronutrients of 1907 kcal: 57 Kcal Figure 6.1 Training Day Calorie Intake 2207 kcal: Grams (g) during Training Day 70% of Carbohydrates of 2207 Kcal: 1545 kcal 1545/4= 386.2g 15% of Proteins of 2207 Kcal: 331 Kcal 331/4= 83g 12% Of Fats of 2207 Kcal: 265 Kcal 265/9= 29g 3% of Micronutrients of 2207 kcal: 66 Kcal Figure 6 and 6.1 shows the total amount of calories the Fast Bowler needs to consume during his training and non training days in order to reach his goals (See Needs Analysis, Figure 1). Figure 7: Psychology CSAI-2 Questionnaire Score Cognitive anxiety 19/36 Somatic anxiety 18/36 Self-confidence 29/36 It has been reported that for team sports, athletes should have CSAI-2 values lower than 18 out of 36 in terms of Cognitive anxiety, 16 out of 36 for somatic anxiety and they should score higher than 24 for Self Confidence (Martens et al, 2000). Our client does not meet the suggested values for somatic and cognitive anxiety (19 Cognitive, 18 Somatic). This supports the clients weakness of getting deflated when a batsman is dominating him during a spell of his bowling and how he finds it difficult to bounce back. The Clients Weaknesses The Client leg power needs to be improved (See Figure 2). The client is consuming a big proportion of fats in their diet. This can be shown in their body fat percentage and their current fat percentage intake (See Figure 4). The clients somatic anxiety is higher than it should be (See Figure 7). Identification of areas for improvement Physiology It is important for cricketers, especially bowlers, to have high levels of strength and power in their legs. Pyne et al (2006) suggested that static jump performance and arm length correlated positively with bowling speed and performance. Our client had a mean score of 59.2cm in the vertical jump test and the average for an Academy level pace bowler is 60.5cm (Gore, 2000) Therefore, we have decided to look at improving the clients leg power to improve bowling speed and performance. Our client will need to alter his diet to cope with the stresses of the intervention that will have on his body. A sustained high protein diet is needed to repair the damage inflicted on the muscles (Stevens, 2010). Nutrition Having a low body fat percentage is important in modern day Cricket due to the high physical demands of the sport. Noakes Durandt (2000) suggested that fast bowlers need to have a body fat percentage of around 12-14%. Our client falls short of this target (See Figure 3). It has been reported that fast bowlers in particular, benefit from low levels of body fat. A lower body fat composition helps a bowler, bowl faster, be more agile, have increased stamina so they can bowl for longer spells and be more tolerable of the heat (Meltzer et al, 2005). In terms of carbohydrates our client needs to consume 60-70% of their daily energy intake. In the 5 days assessed our client reached that value for 3 of the 5 days (see figure 4). In terms of the clients protein intake, the recommended percentage for athletes is about is 12-15% or 1.4-1.7g protein. Kg-1 body mass. Day -1. In the 5 days assessed our client exceeded the recommended value for 2 of the 5 days and they were under the value from 2 of the 5 days. Protein is important for strength athletes assuming that the total energy intake is sufficient to cover their high daily expenditure and the remaining energy is provided by fats (Lemon et al, 1991). Psychology We are looking at lowering our clients anxiety levels and primarily focusing on lowering his somatic anxiety. It is recommended for any sport a player needs to score 18/36 or higher for the CSAI-2 questionnaire (Martens et al, 2000). The client scored in the CSAI-2 Questionnaire. Therefore, we are primarily looking at lowering his somatic anxiety. However, the proposed intervention should decrease cognitive anxiety which is borderline to what is required at present. Anxiety has a negative effect on performance. This is explained by a process called the processing efficiency theory (Eysenck et al, 1992). The theory states that when an athlete becomes anxious, the athlete strives to work harder and exerts an increased effort in order to overcome their anxiety. The increased effort has a detrimental effect in their execution of their technique. There gets to a point where the athlete cant cope with the psychological rigors of carrying out the skill and ends up giving up. Therefore, we n eed to lower our clients somatic anxiety as it will improve our clients physiological responses. Communication Model and Outline of Intervention The information regarding the intervention will be passed onto our client via weekly meetings. A meeting will take place before the intervention and will involve us, the client and the coach; we will discuss whether the client wants the coach present. The logistics of the intervention and how the intervention will improve the clients performance will also be discussed at the meeting. The Intervention will be over 8 weeks and involve plyometric training. The reason for having the intervention for 8 weeks is because it has been reported that to get any improvement in performance at least 8 weeks of plyometric and strength training needs to be completed (Fletcher, 2004). Plyometrics are being used to develop leg power as it has been widely reported that plyometrics has improved leg strength (Blakely et al, 1987). To lower the clients anxiety levels he will undertake relaxation techniques including self talk and goal setting techniques as they have been found to lower anxiety (Fletcher et al, 2001). The client will have the freedom to undertake these techniques anytime during the intervention when the client and the coach feel necessary. The client will also use imagery when he feels his technique is declining due to the batsman dominating them during a spell of bowling. This will help reduce the clients anxiety which is having a negative effect on his technique. Imagery helps re-run the predicted patterns of movements and this will make the client more comfortable to a real life bowling situation (Hale et al, 1998). The client will be given a food diary at the beginning of the 8 week intervention so they can complete it accordingly. This will be reassessed after the 8 week intervention to see if they have been following the recommended calorie intake values for training and non training days (see figure 6 and 6.1). They will also be given a rough eating plan on their training and non training days. They dont have to follow it specifically but it gives them a guideline on what types of food they need to consume. (See appendix for eating plans) Data gathered from the intervention along with pre and post testing will be shown to the client. If the client wants his coach to analyse the data then it will be provided for the coach to examine. Before testing, written informed consent and a medical history questionnaire were completed by the participant (Copies can be found in the appendix). Interaction of intervention with other aspects of performance It has been reported that strength training has an effect on anxiety. Tsutsumi et al (1998) reported that a group of athletes undertook strength training and found out they had lower levels of anxiety compared to a group who didnt take part in any strength training. The introduction of plyometrics training will improve his leg power which in turn will improve his sprint speed (Maulder, 2004). Research suggests that consumption of certain foods intervene the performance of certain physiological parameters. The Vo2 max and body fat percentage was measured in elite South African cricketers; 56.ml.kg.min 13% body fat (Noakes et al, 2000). We also are aware that any improvements in performance could be down to any of the exercises that the client completes during the intervention